出版科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 123-.

• 出版史 出版文化 • 上一篇    

符号与民族记忆 :
抗日战争时期中国历史教科书中的孙中山形象构建

  

  1. 中国海洋大学马克思主义学院,青岛,266100)(青岛科技大学马克思主义学院,青岛,266100
  • 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-29
  • 作者简介:张运君,中国海洋大学马克思主义学院名师工程讲席教授 ;韩新怡,青岛科技大学马克思主义学院 2020 级硕士生。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系国家社会科学基金一般项目“民族认同与中国历史教科书编写研究”(12BZS051);中国海洋大
    学名师工程资助项目“抗战时期中学历史教科书中的孙中山形象构建研究”(2022)研究成果。

Symbols and National Memory : The Image Construction of Sun Yat-sen in Chinese
History Textbooks During the Anti-Japanese War

  1. School of Marxism, Ocean University of China; School of Marxism, Qingdao University of
    Science and Technology,Qingdao,266100
  • Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-09-29

摘要:

抗日战争时期,孙中山因其特殊的历史地位是国共两党共同认可的政治人物,成为具
有强大号召力和凝聚力的象征符号,是国统区和根据地历史教科书书写的重要内容。由于国共两
党阶级属性和政治理念的分歧,国统区和根据地的历史教科书所构建的孙中山形象也有所不同,
主要表现在 :叙述孙中山革命活动,存在“民族救星”与“主要领导者”的表述差异 ;阐释三民
主义,存在全国民众的“精神导师”与民族抗战“旗帜”的书写差异 ;评价孙中山行为事迹,存
在“榜样楷模”与“伟大”人物的表述差异。抗战时期中国历史教科书中的孙中山形象的不同呈
现渗透着强烈的政治意图,反映出教育和权力之间相辅相成、不可分割的复杂关系。

关键词:

Abstract:

During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Sun Yat-sen was a
political figure recognized by CPC and KMT because of his special historical status, which became
a symbol with strong appeal and cohesion. Due to the differences in class attributes and political
ideas, the image of Sun Yat-sen constructed by the history textbooks of the Kuomintang-ruled
areas and counter-Japanese base areas is also different, mainly manifested in : describing Sun
Yat-sen’s revolutionary activities, there is a difference in the writing of “national savior” and “main
leader”; explaining the Three People’s Principles , there is a difference in the writing of “spiritual
teacher” and “banner” of the Anti-Japanese War; evaluating Sun Yat-sen’s behavior, there is
a difference in the expression of “role model” and “great” figure. The different representations of
Sun Yat-sen in Chinese history textbooks during the Anti-Japanese War permeated strong political
intentions, reflecting the complex and inseparable relationship between education and power.

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