Abstract:

In the Ming and Qing dynasties,Handbooks on Official Conduct spread widely because of the following reasons: first of all, the practicality and operability of Handbooks on Official Conduct became stronger; secondly, the government attached great importance to the function of  Handbooks on Official Conduct and used official power to push its disseminate; thirdly, the intervention of business capital further expanded the scope of its spread areas. Handbooks on Official Conduct in Ming and Qing dynasties paid more attention to the specific administrative act, which formed the operation regulation for the administrative power.